rstudio server does not show plots in the pane

Dear community,

I have the issue that Rstudio Server does not show me any plots in the preview pane anymore. It used to work, but stopped working some time before the last updates.

I can save a plot in a .png file without problems, the plot pane does not show anything though. The functionalities of the pane are all greyed out (arrows, zoom, cleant, etc.) only the export button is not grey - but all available optins in there are.
I tried dev.off(), I made sure the respective pane ticked unter tools-->global options --> pane layout and made R and Rstudio Server updates (info see below). I would believe some graphics software is not installed if I wouldn't be sure that plot previews have worked on this machine before already.

I could not find any other solutions online as the threads semmes to end either because an update helped or because the commenter did not provide enough information. Therefore, I would be really glad for any help here!

The server is a Debian 11 (bullseye) device with the latest Debain 11 updates installed. R was updated to version 4.4.1 and Rstudio Server was subsequently updated to RStudio 2024.04.2+764 "Chocolate Cosmos" Release (e4392fc9ddc21961fd1d0efd47484b43f07a4177, 2024-06-05) for Ubuntu Focal
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:129.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/129.0, Quarto 1.4.555 (/usr/lib/rstudio-server/bin/quarto/bin/quarto).

sessionInfo:

R version 4.4.1 (2024-06-14)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Running under: Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)

Matrix products: default
BLAS:   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-pthread/libblas.so.3 
LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-pthread/libopenblasp-r0.3.13.so;  LAPACK version 3.9.0

locale:
 [1] LC_CTYPE=de_DE.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C               LC_TIME=de_DE.UTF-8        LC_COLLATE=de_DE.UTF-8    
 [5] LC_MONETARY=de_DE.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=de_DE.UTF-8    LC_PAPER=de_DE.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C                 
 [9] LC_ADDRESS=C               LC_TELEPHONE=C             LC_MEASUREMENT=de_DE.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C       

time zone: Europe/Berlin
tzcode source: system (glibc)

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

other attached packages:
[1] ggplot2_3.5.1

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] utf8_1.2.4          R6_2.5.1            tidyselect_1.2.1    magrittr_2.0.3      gtable_0.3.5        glue_1.7.0         
 [7] tibble_3.2.1        pkgconfig_2.0.3     generics_0.1.3      dplyr_1.1.4         lifecycle_1.0.4     cli_3.6.3          
[13] fansi_1.0.6         scales_1.3.0        grid_4.4.1          vctrs_0.6.5         withr_3.0.1         compiler_4.4.1     
[19] rstudioapi_0.16.0   tools_4.4.1         munsell_0.5.1       pillar_1.9.0        colorspace_2.1-1    BiocManager_1.30.23
[25] rlang_1.1.4  

Code to reproduce:

PNG device to write to a file
png("test_plot.png", width = 800, height = 600)

# Create a simple plot
plot(1:10, rnorm(10), type = 'b', main = "Test Plot 3", xlab = "X-axis", ylab = "Y-axis")

# Close the device
dev.off()

Thanks a lot in advance!
Carmen

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