Creating a graph from non numerical data

[Lstaehelin]

Dataset has several penguin species and no numerical value related to that. I need to be able to make a graph representing prevalence of different species. I’ve made a table with the species count but how can I now make this into a graph of some sort?

[andresrcs]

Here you can find some options

3 Data visualisation | R for Data Science

If you need more specific help, please provide a proper REPRoducible EXample (reprex) illustrating your issue.

[Lstaehelin]

I don’t have ggplot2 available, we’re only allowed to use the standard R given to us for the statistics unit.
I will try to get an example

[nirgrahamuk]

Most basic barplot

[technocrat]

With more effort the graphs below could be approximated in {base} or {lattice} but shouldn't be used at all in preference to a simple table.

library(ggplot2)
library(palmerpenguins)

census <- 
# the right way

Var1	Freq
Adelie	152
Chinstrap	68
Gentoo	124

``` kableExtra::kable(table(penguins$species))

some wrong ways

too much syntax

pander::pander(penguins |> dplyr::group_by(species) |> dplyr::count())

species	n
Adelie	152
Chinstrap	68
Gentoo	124

# too misleading b/c visual perception exaggerates the differences

# example adapted from
#`https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67205251/i-want-to-add-the-count-percentage-for-each-category-as-a-label-to-my-ggplot-pie
ggplot(penguins, aes("",fill = species)) +
  geom_bar(position="fill") +
  geom_text(
    stat='count', 
    aes(y=after_stat(..count..),
        label=after_stat(scales::percent(..count../sum(..count..),1))),
    position=position_fill(0.5),
  ) +
  coord_polar(theta="y") +
  labs(x=NULL, y=NULL) +
  scale_fill_brewer(palette="Pastel1") +
  theme_void()

same problems

census <- penguins |> dplyr::group_by(species) |> dplyr::count()
p <- ggplot(census) + theme_minimal()
p + geom_col(aes(n,species, group = species, fill = species))

![image|266x407](upload://bdaE3blfhguAQ77N9CM9yduLSto.png)

only slightly better because adds nothing to table

recipe from 3.10 Making a Cleveland Dot Plot | R Graphics Cookbook, 2nd edition

ggplot(census, aes(n,species)) +
geom_point(size = 3) + # Use a larger dot
theme_bw() +
theme(
panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank(),
panel.grid.major.y = element_line(colour = "grey60", linetype = "dashed")
)

![image|501x407](upload://nCGdl61gaOMlMdrZurO5JCJdPpw.png)



Created on 2023-01-21 with [reprex v2.0.2](https://reprex.tidyverse.org/)