Using accumarray function on a specific dataset in the form of loop

Here's an attempt to solve your problem. Since you don't describe your problem, I can't visualise it and hence I'm answering based on vague ideas without understanding and leaving huge scope of improvement. May be it's very obvious for people familiar with accumarray, but unfortunately my knowledge is extremely limited.

input_dataset <- data.frame(A = c(1L, 3L, 4L, 6L),
                            A.1 = c(2L, 3L, 7L, 7L),
                            B = c(9L, 10L, 8L, 5L),
                            B.1 = c(9L, 10L, 9L, 6L),
                            C = c(3L, 5L, 7L, 10L),
                            C.1 = c(4L, 6L, 8L, 10L),
                            subject = c("s_1", "s_2", "s_3", "s_4"))

temp_fun <- function(t1, t2)
{
  temp_input_dataset <- input_dataset[startsWith(x = names(x = input_dataset),
                                                 prefix = t2)]
  required_subs <- cbind(rep(x = 1:nrow(temp_input_dataset),
                             times = ncol(x = temp_input_dataset)),
                         stack(x = temp_input_dataset)$values)
  required_vals <- rep(x = 1,
                       times = nrow(x = required_subs))
  required_sz <- c(nrow(x = temp_input_dataset), 10)
  temp_output_dataset <- as.data.frame(x = pracma::accumarray(subs = required_subs,
                                                              val = required_vals,
                                                              sz = required_sz))
  names(x = temp_output_dataset) <- paste(t2, (1:10),
                                          sep = ".")
  cbind(t1, temp_output_dataset)
}

Reduce(f = temp_fun,
       x = c("A", "B", "C"), # in general, supply the vector of variable names here
       init = data.frame(subject = c("s_1", "s_2", "s_3", "s_4")))
#>   subject A.1 A.2 A.3 A.4 A.5 A.6 A.7 A.8 A.9 A.10 B.1 B.2 B.3 B.4 B.5 B.6
#> 1     s_1   1   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0   0   0   0
#> 2     s_2   0   0   2   0   0   0   0   0   0    0   0   0   0   0   0   0
#> 3     s_3   0   0   0   1   0   0   1   0   0    0   0   0   0   0   0   0
#> 4     s_4   0   0   0   0   0   1   1   0   0    0   0   0   0   0   1   1
#>   B.7 B.8 B.9 B.10 C.1 C.2 C.3 C.4 C.5 C.6 C.7 C.8 C.9 C.10
#> 1   0   0   2    0   0   0   1   1   0   0   0   0   0    0
#> 2   0   0   0    2   0   0   0   0   1   1   0   0   0    0
#> 3   0   1   1    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   1   1   0    0
#> 4   0   0   0    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0    2

Created on 2019-07-02 by the reprex package (v0.3.0)

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