how to make appropriate sankey diagram by using below data

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2

something like this?

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
library(networkD3)

data <- data.frame(
  Year = c(1900, 1920, 1940, 1960, 1980, 2000, 2019),
  Urban = c(1086, 1126, 1196, 1501, 2290, 2857, 3194),
  Cropland = c(11088, 11168, 12001, 13091, 16354, 16371, 19713),
  Pasture = c(1094, 1234, 1379, 1563, 3797, 3792, 3823),
  Forest = c(24623, 24051, 22970, 21633, 20247, 17989, 17742),
  Scrubland = c(14774, 15090, 15125, 14883, 10036, 11693, 8266),
  No_Vegetation = c(167, 163, 161, 161, 108, 130, 94),
  Water = c(844, 844, 844, 844, 844, 844, 844)
)

links <-
  data %>% 
  pivot_longer(-Year) %>% 
  unite("source", Year, name, remove = FALSE) %>% 
  mutate(target = lead(source, order_by = Year), .by = name) %>% 
  filter(!is.na(target))

nodes <- data.frame(name = unique(c(links$source, links$target)))
nodes$group <- sub("^[0-9]{4}_", "", nodes$name)

links$source <- match(links$source, nodes$name) - 1
links$target <- match(links$target, nodes$name) - 1

sankeyNetwork(
  Links = links,
  Nodes = nodes,
  Source = "source", 
  Target = "target",
  Value = "value",
  NodeID = "name",
  NodeGroup = "group"
)

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